Constipation

Constipation is common after surgery, especially while you are taking pain medicine and your daily activity level is decreased.

Signs of constipation include:

• fewer number of bowel movements
• small, hard stools you have trouble passing
• feeling bloated and uncomfortable
• gas
• abdominal cramping

How to prevent constipation

• Drink six to eight 8-ounce glasses of liquids each day. Liquids add moisture to stool, making them easier to pass. Water is your best choice. Caffeine or alcohol can make constipation worse.
• Eat more high-fiber foods such as whole-grain bread, bran cereals, fresh fruit and vegetables.
• Be as active as you can each day. Walking around your house or apartment will help. Follow your health care provider’s instructions for exercise.
• Try to have a bowel movement when you feel the urge. Do not ignore the urge. Try to set aside some time after breakfast or dinner to sit on the toilet.
• Take less pain medicine if possible. Follow your surgeon’s instructions for taking pain medicine.

Use of constipation medicines

You may need to take a laxative to prevent constipation as long as you are taking prescription pain medicine. Common products include:

• stimulant laxatives. These cause the colon to have a bowel movement. This is the best choice when your constipation is caused by a prescription pain medicine. An example is An example is senna (Senokot^®).
• stool softeners. These add moisture to the stools to make the stool softer and easier to pass. These may not be enough to prevent constipation while you are taking a prescription pain medicine. An example is docusate sodium (Colace®).

When to call your primary care provider

Call your primary care provider if:

• your constipation does not improve after you have:
  • made changes to what you are eating
  • made exercise changes
  • tried laxatives or stool softeners
• you have not had a bowel movement in three days
• you have a severe, sudden onset of abdominal pain
• you have blood in your stool.